201 research outputs found
Triangles in a complete chromatic graph with three colors
AbstractLet KN be the complete graph on N vertices, and assume that each edge is assigned precisly one of three possible colors. An old and difficult problem is to find the minimum number of monochromatic triangles as a function of N. We are not able to solve this problem, but we can give sharp bounds for certain combinations of the number of triangles of various kinds. These sharp bounds are related to the main problem, and may be of indepdendent interest
Efficient Quantum Tensor Product Expanders and k-designs
Quantum expanders are a quantum analogue of expanders, and k-tensor product
expanders are a generalisation to graphs that randomise k correlated walkers.
Here we give an efficient construction of constant-degree, constant-gap quantum
k-tensor product expanders. The key ingredients are an efficient classical
tensor product expander and the quantum Fourier transform. Our construction
works whenever k=O(n/log n), where n is the number of qubits. An immediate
corollary of this result is an efficient construction of an approximate unitary
k-design, which is a quantum analogue of an approximate k-wise independent
function, on n qubits for any k=O(n/log n). Previously, no efficient
constructions were known for k>2, while state designs, of which unitary designs
are a generalisation, were constructed efficiently in [Ambainis, Emerson 2007].Comment: 16 pages, typo in references fixe
Liquid-gas phase transition and Coulomb instability of asymmetric nuclear systems
We use a chiral SU(3) quark mean field model to study the properties of
nuclear systems at finite temperature. The liquid-gas phase transition of
symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter is discussed. For two formulations of
the model the critical temperature, , for symmetric nuclear matter is
found to be 15.8 MeV and 17.9 MeV. These values are consistent with those
derived from recent experiments. The limiting temperatures for finite nuclei
are in good agreement with the experimental points.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
Liquid-gas phase transition and Coulomb instability of asymmetric nuclear systems
We use a chiral SU(3) quark mean field model to study the properties of
nuclear systems at finite temperature. The liquid-gas phase transition of
symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter is discussed. For two formulations of
the model the critical temperature, , for symmetric nuclear matter is
found to be 15.8 MeV and 17.9 MeV. These values are consistent with those
derived from recent experiments. The limiting temperatures for finite nuclei
are in good agreement with the experimental points.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
Certain subclasses of multivalent functions defined by new multiplier transformations
In the present paper the new multiplier transformations
\mathrm{{\mathcal{J}% }}_{p}^{\delta }(\lambda ,\mu ,l) (\delta ,l\geq
0,\;\lambda \geq \mu \geq 0;\;p\in \mathrm{% }%\mathbb{N} )} of multivalent
functions is defined. Making use of the operator two new subclasses and \textbf{\ }of multivalent analytic
functions are introduced and investigated in the open unit disk. Some
interesting relations and characteristics such as inclusion relationships,
neighborhoods, partial sums, some applications of fractional calculus and
quasi-convolution properties of functions belonging to each of these subclasses
and
are
investigated. Relevant connections of the definitions and results presented in
this paper with those obtained in several earlier works on the subject are also
pointed out
Recent developments in planet migration theory
Planetary migration is the process by which a forming planet undergoes a
drift of its semi-major axis caused by the tidal interaction with its parent
protoplanetary disc. One of the key quantities to assess the migration of
embedded planets is the tidal torque between the disc and planet, which has two
components: the Lindblad torque and the corotation torque. We review the latest
results on both torque components for planets on circular orbits, with a
special emphasis on the various processes that give rise to additional, large
components of the corotation torque, and those contributing to the saturation
of this torque. These additional components of the corotation torque could help
address the shortcomings that have recently been exposed by models of planet
population syntheses. We also review recent results concerning the migration of
giant planets that carve gaps in the disc (type II migration) and the migration
of sub-giant planets that open partial gaps in massive discs (type III
migration).Comment: 52 pages, 18 figures. Review article to be published in "Tidal
effects in Astronomy and Astrophysics", Lecture Notes in Physic
Spatial processing of visual information in the movement-detecting pathway of the fly
1. Spatial processing of visual signals in the fly's movement-detecting pathway was studied by recording the responses of directionally-selective movement-detecting (DSMD) neurons in the lobula plate. The summarized results pertain to a type of neuron which preferentially responds to horizontal movement directed toward the animal's midline. Three kinds of visual stimuli were used: moving gratings, reversing-contrast gratings and reversing-contrast bars.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47087/1/359_2004_Article_BF00613743.pd
A White Paper on keV sterile neutrino Dark Matter
We present a comprehensive review of keV-scale sterile neutrino Dark Matter, collecting views and insights from all disciplines involvedâcosmology, astrophysics, nuclear, and particle physicsâin each case viewed from both theoretical and experimental/observational perspectives. After reviewing the role of active neutrinos in particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology, we focus on sterile neutrinos in the context of the Dark Matter puzzle. Here, we first review the physics motivation for sterile neutrino Dark Matter, based on challenges and tensions in purely cold Dark Matter scenarios. We then round out the discussion by critically summarizing all known constraints on sterile neutrino Dark Matter arising from astrophysical observations, laboratory experiments, and theoretical considerations. In this context, we provide a balanced discourse on the possibly positive signal from X-ray observations. Another focus of the paper concerns the construction of particle physics models, aiming to explain how sterile neutrinos of keV-scale masses could arise in concrete settings beyond the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. The paper ends with an extensive review of current and future astrophysical and laboratory searches, highlighting new ideas and their experimental challenges, as well as future perspectives for the discovery of sterile neutrinos
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